Thus, this paper examines municipal solid waste composition characterization swcc in. Municipal solid waste msw is the abridgment of the waste generated from domestic, commercial, and construction activities by natural persons that is collected and treated by municipalities. The comparative analysis looks first at waste generation rates and waste composition data. Background and project rationale the rapid increase in both the volume and variety of solid and hazardous waste as a result of continuous economic growth, urbanization and industrialization, is a growing problem for both national and local governments around the world.
However, for communities making decisions where knowledge of the amount and composition of msw is crucial, e. Methane is an intended byproduct of anaerobic digestion and can be collected and combusted. Solid waste characteristics composition and properties. The waste composition will effect both the bulk gases and the trace components. Although recycling material recovery 1 activities will affect the amounts of waste entering into other management and treatment systems, the impact on. Jeffrey miller, indiana recycling coalition, for introducing us to many involved in solid waste issues in indiana. Msw is heterogeneous in nature and consists of a number of different materials derived from various types of activities.
An introduction to environmental waste management concerns in hospitals a hospital selfaudit form to copy and use in each department a page of best management practices and information about toxic substance substitution. This information can help define solid waste management planning areas and the planning needed in those areas. The conventional landfill, incineration, composting, and ways of handeling solid wastes are common as mature technologies for waste disposal. The study evaluates municipal solid waste generation, composition, and management in the douala municipality of cameroon at landfill level. This technical document on municipal solid waste organics processing was developed to meet this need by providing sciencebased, objective and userfriendly information on the various aspects of organic waste management planning and operation for organics processing of different capacities and in different locations. If these quantities are added, the solid waste production rate reaches 45 kg per capita per day 100 lb. Disposal of solid wastes is a stinging and widespread problem in both urban and rural areas in many developed and developing countries. Composition of generated waste divide each waste components lb100lb of disposed waste by the total amount of generated waste, for example for food waste. Waste generation projections for 2025 by region 10 5. Waste composition is influenced by factors such as culture, economic. Solid waste management swm is an increasingly complex task, absorbing a huge amount of. This report summarizes the results from the solid waste composition study study performed by your facility during the month of july, 2009. Characteristics of population standard of living, their cultural habits extent of salvaging and recycling.
Percent generated waste composition item generated waste lb recycled waste, lb generated waste % by weight food waste 11. Waste composition an overview sciencedirect topics. The composition and characteristics of municipal solid wastes vary throughout the world. Comparison of solid waste management practices by income level 5 2. Upon departing, guests leave food, suntan lotion, etc. Transportation waste water stabilization incineration tsca pcb asbestos bioremediation landfilling beneficial reuse regulatory compliance hazardous waste mgmt. Most urban areas suffer from serious environmental pollution problems caused by the generation of large waste quantities of solid waste including mbeya city. Pdf composition of solid waste in a university campus and its. Solid waste management final ppt free download as powerpoint presentation. Composition, characteristics and methods of collection. Ecological solid waste management plan shall be formulated with involvement of the city or municipality, citizen, communities, business establishments, etc. Before introducing the process, however, lets start with a discussion of the material being managedsolid waste.
This study is expected to help solid waste management planners, managers, operators, and other authorities involved in solid waste management practices in a country, city, town, or region. This knowledge and experience have been brought back to the school purdue university calumet in a multitude of ways, including the first ever solid waste sort on the campus at the end of 2010, to help evaluate the new recycling program. Solidwaste characteristics composition and properties. Current waste generation per capita by income level 10 6.
Read this article to learn about types, sources, effects and methods of solid waste management. It is used to dispose of solid, liquid and gaseous waste. Compositional changes of waste in india many reports, papers and data bank in india do not give estimation of what waste compositionquality had been in the past, present and what would be in future, other than projecting the huge and daunting increase in sheer quantities. Exponential growth of population and urbanization, and the. Waste composition varies widely across the various sectors of the food supply chain, which makes standardizing a food waste fermentation production process difficult. Ntzamilis laboratory of toxic and hazardous waste management, department of environmental engineering, technical university of crete, gr73100 polytechnioupolis chania, crete, greece. Composition of solid waste component wet weight, lbpercent mc food wastes 9 70 paper 34 6 cardboard 6 5 plastics 7 1 textiles 2 10 rubber 0. Municipal solid waste msw is the stream of garbage collected by sanitation services from homes, businesses, and institutions. Solid waste composition in karachi 20052006, ies data s. In some cases, part of the work is contracted to private sector. Pdf disposal of solid wastes is a stinging and widespread problem in both urban and rural areas in many developed and developing. As long as liumans have been living in settled communities, solid waste, or garbage, has been an issue, and modern societies generate far more solid waste than early humans.
The putrescible material generally comprises food wastes materials developed from the preparation and consumption of foods, papers, paperboard, yard trimmings and the like. Jul 10, 2015 solid waste management final essay final1. Technical document on municipal solid waste organics processing. Guidebook for formulation of solid waste management plan. Even in the same country it changes from place to place as it depends on number of factors such as social customs, standard of living, geographical location, climate etc.
It is estimated that the amount of solid waste per capita is around 500 kilograms per year. Solid waste impacts on health and the environment 3. Therefore, this study aimed to estimate the household solid waste generation, composition and density in tripoli city in libya as first step should lead to a better understanding of the solid waste management problems in libya and estimate the effects of some socioeconomic factors on solid waste generation. Solid waste management mswm is one of the most challenging issues faced by developing countries including tanzania. These elements include waste generation, storage, collection, processing, recycling and reuse, treatment, and final disposal. Experience from many jurisdictions shows that composting source separated organics significantly reduces contamination of the finished compost, rather. The involvement begins with an assessment and planning process so that all stakeholders understand the current situation, agree on. The link between waste management, climate change, and energy the disposal of solid waste produces greenhouse gas emissions in a number of ways. The study suggested study of institutional, political, social, financial, economic and technical aspects of municipal solid waste management in order to achieve sustainable and effective solid waste management in nigeria. Modern solidwaste management plants in most developed countries now emphasize the practice of recycling and waste reduction at the source rather than incineration and land disposal. Load count analysis was used for the systematic assessment of the flows and stocks of materials within the. Waste generation, composition and management data 2006 ipcc guidelines for national greenhouse gas inventories 2.
The increasing volume and complexity of waste associated with the modern economy is posing a serious risk to ecosystems and human health. Improving the environmental performance of solid waste management facilities. Steve christman, executive director, northeast indiana solid waste district. Municipal solid waste msw collection and disposal is one of the major problems of urban environment in most countries worldwide today. No components percentage by weight low income areas. Compositional changes of waste in india many reports, papers and data bank in india do not give estimation of what waste composition quality had been in the past, present and what would be in future, other than projecting the huge and daunting increase in sheer quantities. Food waste can be utilized in ethanol production to a significant extent, but producing other higher alcohols needs extensive research. Municipal solid waste composition analysis study juba. Dec 03, 2014 the waste composition will effect both the bulk gases and the trace components. The sources of solid waste include residential, commercial, institutional, and industrial activities. Technical document on municipal solid waste organics. Second, the incineration of waste also produces carbon dioxide as a.
Remediation permitting solidification soil treatment waste characterization soil disposalliquid waste mgmt. Basis for the recommended waste characterization process the physical composition of the municipal solid waste stream will vary from region to region based on a number of factors including, among other things, the waste generation practices of. Such information is essential and useful to put up the solid waste to energy conversion facility within the municipality. Incineration is carried out both on a small scale by individuals and on a large scale by industry. Composting lowflush toilets use minimal water and produce valuable fertilizing materials. The intent of this solid waste composition analysis is to identify, quantify and characterize msw material.
This paper uses the lens of integrated and sustainable waste management iswm to analyse the new data set compiled on 20 cities in six continents for the unhabitat flagship publication solid waste management in the worlds cities. In general this does not include excreta, although sometimes nappies and the faeces of young children may be mixed with solid waste. To introduce the reader to the solid waste management field, an overview of municipal solid waste problems, sources, collection, resource recovery, and disposal methods are presented in this paper. Debra reinhart, university of central florida, for providing some expert advice.
General guidance on the data collection for solid waste disposal, biological. Pdf the aim of this research is to study the solid waste generation at universiti kebangsaan. Pdf municipal solid waste generation, composition, and. Modern solid waste management plants in most developed countries now emphasize the practice of recycling and waste reduction at the source rather than incineration and land disposal. Solid waste management is a polite term for garbage management. Comparative analysis of solid waste management in 20 cities. National solid waste management status report 2008 2014. Incineration is a controversial method of waste disposal.
Analysis of municipal solid waste generation and composition at. Municipal solid waste composition analysis study juba, south sudan 2 1. Growth of large urban areas, tourist flow, rise of living standards and change of consuming patterns, have led to an increase of the produced volumes of municipal waste with a simultaneous. First, the anaerobic decomposition of waste in landfills produces methane, a greenhouse gas 21 times more potent than carbon dioxide. A comparative study of solid waste management in the. Municipal solid waste composition determination supporting the integrated solid waste management system in the island of crete e. Classification of solid waste, sources, composition by dr. Methodology for estimating municipal solid waste recycling.
Information about waste composition is crucial for planning and decision making in waste management. Municipal solid waste generation, composition, and management. Reduce solid waste disposal by 30 percent by 2020, from 6,550,000 tons of disposal in 2008 to 4,550,000 tons of disposal by 2020. Classification of solid waste, sources, composition. Thus, this paper examines municipal solid waste composition characterization swcc in supporting the sustainable. Aluminum recycling receptacles are located next to all trash bins. Design guidelines for deploying closed loop systems.
As long as liumans have been living in settled communities, solid waste, or garbage, has been an issue, and modern societies generate far more solid waste than early humans ever did. Solid waste refers to the range of garbage materialsarising from animal and human activitiesthat are discarded as unwanted and useless. Analytical testing 2850 100th court ne, blaine, mn 55449 6122859865 fax. Waste generation rate in nigeria is estimated at 0. Solid waste can create significant health problems and a very unpleasant living environment if not disposed of safely and appropriately. Solid waste management is a major environmental challenge in most nigerian cities. Continue to divert toxic substances from the solid waste stream. Characterization of household solid waste and management. For the waste sector in south africa this means care must be given to raw material use, product design, resource efficiency, waste prevention, and minimization where avoidance is impossible. Composition and characterization of municipal solid waste. Municipal solid waste generation, composition, and. National solid waste management status report 20082014 table of contents 1. It is recognized as a practical method of disposing of certain hazardous waste materials. Municipal solid waste composition determination supporting.
Because of the heterogeneous nature of solid wastes, determination of composition is not easy. Waste management the aim of sustainable waste management is to reduce waste formation and to use resources more efficiently and rationally, ensuring that the waste of one sector is used as a raw material in another sector. The physical composition of the municipal solid waste stream will vary from region to region based on a number of factors including, among other things, the waste generation practices of a municipalitys population and businesses, the extent of recovery programs that divert solid. The las undertake the task of swm with their own staff, equipment and funds. Routine determination of waste composition and trends is essential to assess the effect of such measures. Efficient methods are needed to assess the effect of legislative, logistic and technical measures on the waste stream.
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